OM NEWS # 336

Siempre tenemos algo para festejar. Hoy celebramos haber superado los 800.000 estudiantes inscritos en nuestro portal. Y vamos por el millón (¿será excesivamente pretencioso?).

En este boletín traemos una nueva gramática sobre reglas de ortografía inglesa y un emocionante podcast (cuento corto con audio descargable) sobre el padre de Fred Gipson, destacado escritor tejano.

En OM Personal English no pagas nada porque todo es gratuito (los 17 cursos y los 13 certificados). Entonces, anímate a nuestro paquete HABLA INGLES EN 52 LECCIONES: el curso que necesitas para insertarte laboralmente. Lee más abajo [punto 4: cursos gratis con certificación]. Pulsando las direcciones ingresarás a cada curso. ¡Éxitos!

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Hasta nuestro próximo boletín (miércoles 20 de noviembre).

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3. ORTOGRAFÍA :: PALABRAS QUE INCLUYEN –IE– Y –EI–

En esta lección analizaremos dos útiles reglas de escritura y pronunciación.

REGLA #1
Los estudiantes de inglés a menudo se encuentran con dificultades al escribir palabras que contienen las letras –ie– y –ei– ya que ambas se pueden utilizar para representar el sonido /i:/. Aquí tienes una regla que generaciones de jóvenes de habla inglesa han aprendido en forma de rima o estribillo:
i before e, except after c
and when sounded as a,
as in neighbor and weigh.

Es decir, entre escribir –ie– o escribir –ei– para representar el sonido /i:/ en la parte central de una palabra, usa la primera grafía en todos los casos, excepto en aquellos en que dicho sonido vaya precedido por la letra c. Observa:
believe   —   piece
receipt   —   receive

Las excepciones a esta regla son las siguientes:
either   —   neither   —   leisure   —   weird
seize   —   seizure   —   foreign   —   height

Esta regla sólo se aplica cuando el sonido representado es /i:/. Pero, para conocer la grafía de las palabras cuya pronunciación incluye otros sonidos, lamentablemente no existe ninguna regla práctica.
/ə/ = ancient   —   foreign
/ai/ = height   —   ties

REGLA #2
Seguramente ya conoces los dos siguientes nombres de prendas de vestir:
cap /kæp/ gorra
cape /kéip/ capa

Estos nombres o sustantivos proporcionan un ejemplo de esta interesante segunda regla. La palabra cap termina con una única vocal (a), seguida de una única consonante (p). La letra a se pronuncia "breve", como la vocal breve /æ/. Por otra parte, la palabra cape termina con una única vocal (a), seguida de una única consonante (p) y de la letra e. En esta palabra, a causa de la presencia de la letra e final, la letra a se pronuncia "larga", como el diptongo /éi/.

Este principio de "prolongación" se aplica a las cinco vocales (a, e, i, o, u). Observa un ejemplo de cada vocal:
hat /hæt/ sombrero   —   hate /héit/ odio
them /đem/ a ellos/as   —   theme /θi:m/ tema
win /win/ ganar   —   wine /wáin/ vino
hop /hop/ saltar   —   hope /həup/ esperar
cut /kΛt/ cortar   —   cute /kju:t/ lindo

La regla anterior tiene algunas excepciones, como, por ejemplo, love /lΛv/; no obstante, resulta muy útil, ya que su campo de aplicación es bastante amplio.

4. COMPRENSION AUDITIVA

EL SOMBRERO DE PAJA DE PAPÁ. Nacido en Texas, Estados Unidos, Fred Gipson escribió este hermoso cuento – redactado en primera persona – acerca de sus vivencias en el rancho de sus padres. Para tu comodidad, hemos intercalado un vocabulario bilingüe a lo largo del audio-texto. Descarga el audio a tu reproductor portátil y practica inglés mientras viajas.

Pulsa la palabra "AUDIO" de color rojo para escuchar. Para descargar el audio, acerca la flecha del ratón a esa palabra y con botón derecho selecciona la opción "Guardar Archivo (o Destino) Como" y guarda el archivo en tu móvil o computadora.

PAPA'S STRAW HAT

AUDIO

Papa was a rancher. He worked with horses. He was proud of the way he dressed. He always wore clean clothes, even when he worked. That is very difficult for a rancher who works outside on a horse farm. He often said to me, "Son, you may not be able to buy the best clothes, but always keep those you have clean. That is the important thing." Papa did what he said. His clothes were never dirty like those of most of the other ranchers I knew.

rancher: ranchero, hacendado; proud: orgulloso; wore: usaba; horse farm: finca equina; you may not be able to buy: quizás no puedas comprarte; keep those: mantén las que; dirty: sucias; most of: la mayoría de; I knew: que yo conocía;

Papa never worked outside without a hat. He always wore the same kind of hat. It was a cowboy hat, a large black hat of heavy wool. He never pushed the hat to one side of his head, but wore it straight. And he did not push the top of the hat down like most cowboys do. He wore his hat full and high. I think he wanted to look taller than he really was.

without: sin; the same kind: el mismo tipo; heavy wool: lana gruesa; pushed: inclinaba; straight: derecho; full and high: perfectamente colocado; taller than: más alto de lo que;

Papa had two hats. One was his Sunday hat, the other was his everyday hat. When his Sunday hat got old, he wore it every day and then bought a new Sunday hat. He wore his Sunday hat only to church, or on holidays, or when he visited the city. Most of the time he kept his Sunday hat in a special box. He hid it so we could not find it. Papa loved his hats, and he cared for them in a special way. He never threw them down on a chair – someone might sit on them.

got old: se desgastó; hid it: lo escondía; cared for them: los cuidaba; threw them down: los tiraba, los arrojaba; might sit: podría sentarse;

He even had a special place for his everyday hat. As soon as he came into the house from work, he put his hat on a nail behind the kitchen door. Mama was very careful of Papa's hat. She was proud of the way he looked when he worked, or when he wore his Sunday hat and his best clothes. She was not permitted to touch his Sunday hat.

on a nail: sobre un clavo; careful of: cuidadosa con;

Then something happened. Maybe it was the heat of the long summer. Maybe Mama read about hats in a magazine or book. But in some way she got the idea that Papa should not wear a heavy wool cowboy hat in the hot weather. She began to believe that Papa would lose his hair if he did. Mama began to worry more about Papa's hair than about his hats. Perhaps it was Uncle George that made Mama worry about Papa's hair. Uncle George had no hair. His head was as smooth as an egg. But Papa had thick black hair that shone like silk. It would be terrible if Papa lost his hair because he wore a heavy, wool, cowboy hat. So, Mama began to worry. She began to watch Papa carefully as he worked in the hot fields under his tall heavy hat. She saw how wet his hair was when he came into the house.

heat: calor; should not wear: no debería usar; would lose his hair: perdería su cabello; if he did: si lo hacía (si continuaba usando sombrero de lana gruesa); to worry: a preocuparse; as smooth as an egg: tan lisa como un huevo; that shone like silk: que brillaba como la seda; as he worked: mientras trabajaba; how wet his hair was: qué mojado quedaba su pelo;

Mama began to talk about hats.
"Papa", she said one day. "Why don't you throw that old wool hat away and get a nice cool straw hat?"
"What?", Papa said. "Me wear a straw hat! I would never let my horses see me in a straw hat!"
"Horses", Mama answered. "What have horses to do with a straw hat? Animals don't care what kind of hat you wear!"
"Mine do", Papa said. "My horses recognize me because I always wear the same hat, and they like the cowboy hats best of all. Anyway", he said, "I would not be seen dead in a straw hat!"

throw ... away: tiras a la basura; straw hat: sombrero de paja; I would never let my horses: jamás permitiré que mis caballos; animals don't care: a los animales no les importa; mine do: a los míos sí (les importa); recognize me: me reconocen; they like: a ellos les gustan; I would not be seen dead in: no me veo ni muerto con;

Mama talked and talked, but she could not change Papa's mind. They talked about hats all summer long. At last Mama tried to frighten Papa to get him to wear a straw hat.

change Papa's mind: cambiar el pensamiento de papá; all summer long: durante todo el verano; at last: por fin; tried to frighten: intentó asustarlo; to get him to wear: para que usara;

"Papa", she said, "just look at most of the ranchers we know. All of them wear heavy wool cowboy hats in the summer, and most of them have lost their hair".

all of them wear: todos ellos usan; most of them: la mayoría (de ellos);

Papa laughed at Mama. He laughed so hard the tears ran down his face and his stomach hurt. But his laughing did not stop Mama. She told him about Jim Berry who lost his hair about two years ago. Papa, a little angry, answered: "It was not a cowboy hat that made Jim Berry lose his hair. It was his wife always talking about hats and not giving him any peace and quiet".

laughed at: se reía de; he laughed so hard: se reía con tanta fuerza; that the tears: que las lágrimas; ran down his face: corrían por su cara; his stomach hurt: le dolía el estómago; not giving him any peace: no dejarlo en tranquilo y en paz;

Mama said nothing. She stopped talking about hats. I wondered what was going to happen. Then one day Mama got up earlier than usual. She marched to the kitchen and made breakfast. She had a very serious look on her face. She did not say a word. She made more noise than usual. She put the dishes down so hard I thought they would break. Suddenly, she got in the car and drove toward the city. She did not tell us why she was going. Later she came home with a straw hat. She still looked very serious.

stopped talking about: dejó de hablar sobre; I wondered: yo me preguntaba; earlier than usual: más temprano que de costumbre; made more noise: hizo más ruido; put the dishes down: apoyaba los platos; drove toward: se fue (en coche) hacia; she still looked: todavía se la veía;

There had not been much rain that year. It was a bad year for ranchers. We had only a little money. But it was the year for Papa to buy a new cowboy hat. Mama knew this. She also thought that if she spent the money for a straw hat, Papa would not spend any money to buy a cowboy hat. Mama was right. When Papa saw the straw hat his face got red. He said nothing. He pulled the straw hat down over his head until it hid his eyes. He Iooked very funny. I wanted to laugh but I did not. I was afraid to because Papa was so angry.

there had not been: no había caído; was right: tenía razón; would not spend: no gastaría; got red: enrojeció; until it hid: hasta ocultar;

I remember how quiet he was as he marched out of the house. I followed him that day. He was going to train the wild horses again. I loved to watch him work. He had gotten the horses earlier in the year but they were still half-wild, half-trained. Papa slowly walked toward the field where the horses were eating grass. He was a good rancher because he was gentle with horses, never cruel to them. He had given names to all the horses. He always called to them when he first saw them in the morning. He talked softly to them so they would not be afraid. Sometimes the horses walked up to him when he called their names. They knew his cowboy hat, which he wore everyday. They did not feel safe near any other person.

to train: a domar; wild: salvajes; half-trained: a medio domar; gentle: amable; walked up to: caminaban hacia; did not feel safe: no se sentían a salvo;

I followed Papa as he walked toward the field calling their names. At first, the horses continued to eat. But as Papa got closer the horses looked up at him. Suddenly, they jumped high into the air, raising their front feet. Then, they began to run around, wildly. They screamed the way frightened horses do. One horse kicked the hay wagon over. All of them ran around and around in the field and then raced toward the barn where they slept.

filed: campo; suddenly: de repente; jumping high: saltaron (en dos patas); wildly: salvajemente; screamed: chillaban; kicked: pateó; hay wagon: carro de heno; raced towar the barn: corrieron hasta el granero; where they slept: donde dormían;

I never heard such a noise. Papa began to shout "Whoa boys, steady boys steady". But there was nothing he could do. He marched toward the house. Inside the barn the frightened horses screamed and kicked hard against the walls of the barn. Mama came running out of the house. She stood near the door waiting for Papa. She held her hands against her heart.

such a noise: un ruido semejante; whoa!: ¡so! ¡jo!; steady: quietos; kicked hard against: daban patadas contra;

"What is it Papa... what is it?" Papa did not answer. She held the door open and he marched into the house. Mama followed him. I went in after them to see what was going to happen. Papa walked straight to the stove in the kitchen. He opened the top of the stove, pulled the straw hat off his head and pushed it deep down into the fire. At last, he turned to Mama and looked at her in a way that even frightened me. I never heard Papa so angry. He shouted and shouted all sorts of new words. At last, his anger was gone. Then he said in a soft, but firm voice, "Now listen to me, Mama. Understand this! I will never wear a straw hat, or any other kind of hat my horses do not like!" Then he put on his Sunday cowboy hat and walked out of the house.

went in: entré; stove: marmita, cocina; pulled ... off: arrancó; pushed it deep down: lo hundió; his anger: su ira, su rabia;

It was almost midnight when the noise died away and the animals became quiet. The next day, Papa fixed all the broken wood in the walls of the barn. I never heard Mama talk any more about hats. Perhaps that is why when Papa died, many years later, there was a round spot on the top of his head where there was no hair.

died away: se extinguió; a round spot: un círculo (calvo, sin cabellos).

5. HABLA INGLES EN 52 LECCIONES CON 3 DIPLOMAS = 100% GRATIS.

Si ya has estudiado inglés, antes de iniciar un curso realiza aquí el test de nivel.
Si nunca has estudiado inglés, comienza aquí el curso principiante.
Recuerda que nuestra plataforma de capacitación está en www.ompersonal.com.ar

Y si quieres hablar rápidamente inglés, sigue los pasos indicados aquí abajo en el recuadro amarillo y realiza los 3 grupos de cursos que componen nuestro paquete HABLA INGLES EN 52 LECCIONES. A medida que vas terminando cada grupo solicita el examen final correspondiente a cada grupo como se indica más abajo. Y al final de tus 52 lecciones podrás manejarte holgadamente con el inglés aprendido. Y todo sin coste, con 3 certificados a tu nombre. Recuerda que, pulsando las direcciones subrayadas, ingresarás a cada curso desde este mismo boletín.

PRIMER GRUPO DE CURSOS
CURSOS 1 Y 2: NIVEL "BASICO A INTERMEDIO BAJO" (20 LECCIONES)
Tienes que preparar estos dos cursos:
-- Nivel Básico >> http://tinyurl.com/7fl3qms
-- Nivel Intermedio Bajo >> http://tinyurl.com/7fl3qms
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Esta es una imagen de tu primer diploma >> http://tinyurl.com/9oxth2s

SEGUNDO GRUPO DE CURSOS
CURSOS 3 Y 4: NIVEL "INTERMEDIO A INTERMEDIO ALTO" (20 LECCIONES)
Tienes que preparar estos dos cursos:
-- Nivel Intermedio >> http://tinyurl.com/7f2xsyh
-- Nivel Intermedio Alto >> http://tinyurl.com/7f2xsyh
Cuando los termines solicita el examen final de estos dos cursos.
Esta es una imagen del segundo diploma >> http://tinyurl.com/8ozy95c

TERCER Y ULTIMO CURSO
CURSO 5: NIVEL "AVANZADO" (12 LECCIONES)
Tienes que preparar este curso:
-- Nivel Avanzado >> http://tinyurl.com/3xxbwuy
Cuando lo termines solicita el examen final de este curso.
Esta es una imagen del tercer diploma >> http://tinyurl.com/9nvmzt9

Y AQUI NUESTROS 10 CURSOS DE ESPECIALIZACION
(también gratuitos, con examen final y diploma)

► FCE - First Certificate >> http://tinyurl.com/7nurgs3
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► Toefl Test >> http://tinyurl.com/6nluaw
► Avanzado de Negocios >> http://tinyurl.com/69h28g
► Conversación Básico e Intermedio >> http://tinyurl.com/cggx43j
► Curso de Vocabulario >> http://tinyurl.com/5wzqsd
► Curso de Pronunciación en Inglés >> http://tinyurl.com/7tfl4zw
► Curso de Redacción en Inglés >> http://tinyurl.com/6rshxc
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6. PRACTICA DE COMPRENSION DE TEXTOS

HEMOS RENOVADO NUESTRA WEB "CUENTOS EN INGLES" DONDE ENCONTRARÁS UNA AMPLIA VARIEDAD DE CUENTOS CORTOS Y ARTÍCULOS CON GLOSARIO Y AUDIO MP3. GRACIAS POR VISITARNOS EN www.CUENTOSenINGLES.com.ar

CUENTOS
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Pulsa aquí para visitar los cuentos en audio y video en versión bilingüe, obras de teatro, canciones flash y los nuevos tests (ilustrados
y bilingües) para tus niños.

7. OM SHOPPING

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MUCHAS GRACIAS POR LEERNOS.

próximo boletín: noviembre 20, 2013

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en aprender y practicar gratuitamente inglés en nuestro megaportal.

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